CERT/CC Vulnerability Note VU#624539

Overview

Ragentek Android software contains an over-the-air update mechanism that communicates over an unencrypted channel, which can allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.

Description

CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check - CVE-2016-6564

Android devices with code from Ragentek contain a privileged binary that performs over-the-air (OTA) update checks.
Additionally, there are multiple techniques used to hide the execution of this binary. This behavior could be described as a rootkit.

This binary, which resides as /system/bin/debugs, runs with root privileges and does not communicate over an encrypted channel.
The binary has been shown to communicate with three hosts via HTTP:

oyag[.]lhzbdvm[.]com
oyag[.]prugskh[.]net
oyag[.]prugskh[.]com

Server responses to requests sent by the debugs binary include functionalities to execute arbitrary commands as root, install applications, or update configurations.

Examples of a request sent by the client binary:

POST /pagt/agent?data={"name":"c_regist","details":{...}} HTTP/1. 1

Host: 114.80.68.223

Connection: Close

An example response from the server could be:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

{"code": "01", "name": "push_commands", "details": {"server_id": "1" ,

"title": "Test Command", "comments": "Test", "commands": "touch /tmp/test"}}

This binary is reported to be present in the following devices:

BLU Studio G
BLU Studio G Plus
BLU Studio 6.0 HD
BLU Studio X
BLU Studio X Plus
BLU Studio C HD
Infinix Hot X507
Infinix Hot 2 X510
Infinix Zero X506
Infinix Zero 2 X509
DOOGEE Voyager 2 DG310
LEAGOO Lead 5
LEAGOO Lead 6
LEAGOO Lead 3i
LEAGOO Lead 2S
LEAGOO Alfa 6
IKU Colorful K45i
Beeline Pro 2
XOLO Cube 5.0

Impact

An remote, unauthenticated attacker in a position to perform man-in-the-middle attacks can execute arbitrary commands as root.

Solution

Apply an update
The reporter indicates that BLU has provided an update, which is intended to address the vulnerability, Please see the vendor status page for more details.

For other devices, please check with your device vendor for updates. If you are unable to apply an update, see the following workarounds:

Avoid use of untrusted networks

Use your device on trusted networks only, and avoid using untrusted networks such as open or public wifi.

Vendor Information

624539

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BLU Products Affected

Infinix Mobility Affected

Ragentek Affected

Beeline Unknown

Doogee Unknown

IKU Mobile Unknown

Leagoo Unknown

XOLO Unknown

CVSS Metrics

Group	Score	Vector
Base	9.3	AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Temporal	8.4	E:POC/RL:ND/RC:C
Environmental	6.3	CDP:N/TD:M/CR:ND/IR:ND/AR:ND

References

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Dan Dahlberg and Tiago Pereira of BitSight Technologies and Anubis Networks for reporting this vulnerability.

This document was written by Trent Novelly.

Other Information

CVE IDs:	CVE-2016-6564
Date Public:	2016-11-11
Date First Published:	2016-11-17
Date Last Updated:	2016-11-17 21:49 UTC
Document Revision:	21

Software Engineering Institute

CERT Coordination Center

Ragentek Android OTA update mechanism vulnerable to MITM attack

Vulnerability Note VU#624539